Global Universities Directory

The University of Amsterdam is a public research university located in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlands still in operation.

Sorbonne University is a public research university located in Paris, France. The institution's legacy reaches back to the Middle Ages in 1257 when the College of Sorbonne was established by Robert de Sorbon as a constituent college of the University of Paris, one of the first universities in Europe. Its current iteration was formed in 2018 by the merger of Paris-Sorbonne University and the Université Pierre et Marie Curie.

The University of Vienna is a public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and with around 85,000 students and approximately 11,000 employees, one of the largest institutions of higher learning in Europe. As of 2024/2025, the programme comprised 185 degree programmes.